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blindpig
10-24-2015, 08:34 AM
STAR WARS - FORCE AND STATE

"MANY OF THE TRUTHS WE CLING TO DEPEND GREATLY ON OUR OWN POINT OF VIEW"


http://youtu.be/o9gv4SH_d4Q
(Spoiler alert: the text below contains references to punchlines. If you read this, you should probably do so after seeing the video)

This was performed and recorded before the news came out that George Lucas had sold the rights to Star Wars to Disney , but edited after. The central premise, though, is something I've been kicking around for years, and first performed around 2003, or maybe even earlier. I would come back to it now and again, whenever something happened that kicked Star Wars back into the zeitgeist, like when a new movie came out, or when different versions of the movies were re-released. Each time, though, felt like the last opportunity to do something with it. I was sure that eventually Star Wars would fade into the past, and continuing to do material about it would become as stale as Arnold Schwarzenegger impersonations.

I finally decided to perform it with the intention of putting it online, just of to get it out of my system. It's not really like most of my standup, and I want to focus on other, more personal topics. Making a video of my Star Wars bit for online viewing is my way of putting it to rest without all my efforts going to waste.

Then, recently, as I was editing this together, the sale to Disney was announced along with the production of three more movies . It would seem that my expectation that Star Wars will lose currency as a topic is probably not going to happen in my lifetime. I imagine that even beyond the three movies, they will constantly re-release things with new technologies, like a virtual reality version when that becomes feasible, as well as coming up with new content. So long as there is money to be made...

There's a good chance that the new movies will present information that will ruin my beautiful theory about the hidden dimensions to the story. Or maybe the new movies will only provide more evidence for what I suspect is the truth behind the veil of special effects, and my ideas will seem prescient... Either way, it seems like now is a good time to get it out there.

Below is the transcript, which differs slightly from the live performance. There's only one small joke that I regret missing when I recorded the video, the bit about brown shirts. Also, I think in the performance I skimmed too quickly over the point about the disconnect between being supposedly "leftist" and yet pro-monarchy. Other than that... meh... no live performance is ever perfect, and that's kind of the point. I could have just edited together a video and narrated it with script in hand, and done it with more precision. But I like the energy and flaws of a live performance, as it creates a more natural feel. Or maybe I'm just an attention whore, because you can't hear applause when you just upload a video.

I feel a little bad for calling Lucas a "hack" at the end. He seems like basically a nice guy , and maybe the cultural impact of something like Star Wars gets beyond any one person to handle . Open letter to George: I do disagree with a lot of the creative choices you've made over the years, but no one can take away how awesome that first movie was. That moment when Luke turns off his targetting computer is still one of the best scenes ever put to film. Thanks for having created a world which helped make my childhood a lot of fun.

Click here for a list of all reference materal used in the video

If you enjoyed this video, you might also like my take on Avatar .

TRANSCRIPT FOR STAR WARS - FORCE AND STATE
I'm actually not a Star Wars fan anymore. But I want you to appreciate just how far I've come when I say I'm not a fan.

When I first saw the very first Star Wars movie , I was so young and naive that I didn't know that in movies the hero always wins. When Luke Skywalker was flying down that trench, and he was being chased by Darth Vader , and he had to hit that target just right... I honestly didn't know if he was going to pull it off. I was genuinely scared the universe could be doomed.

It made a deep impression on me, and to this day, when I see that scene, I can't help but feel tense.

I loved Star Wars. I had all those action figures they made, even the Boba Fett you had to write away for . I had Star Wars wallpaper in my bedroom. On Halloween I dressed as a Jawa. I watched, and enjoyed, that shitty holiday special they made.

So you'd think I'd be the kind of guy going to conventions dressed like an Ewok and having furry sex or whatever.

Sadly, those days are gone. As more movies were made, it got harder and harder to ignore the ugly truth.

I started to have doubts even before the new series of movies was made. Everyone had a “whoah, what the...?” moment when they first saw Jar Jar Binks . And for good reason. Jar Jar Binks apparently comes from a whole race of ready made Amos and Andy style sidekicks . They have built in Jamaican dreadlock-things and the whole “Me so happy massa” Uncle Tom attitude. What’s the racial message here Lucas?

And what about the aliens that the Jar Jarians were fighting, these creatures that had flat faces and yellow, slanted eyes, and were all secretive… There hasn't been this much sublimated racial stereotyping in a science fiction series since the wildly anti-Semitic Ferengi in Star Trek .

But the clumsy racial metaphors aren't what bugged me.

If anyone here has seen the movie Clerks , you might remember the scene where they are talking about Return of The Jedi . In it, one of the characters describes The Rebellion as a bunch of leftists.

That got me thinking.

A bunch of “leftists”.

In the first movie, it was all about saving Princess Leia . Then in the new movies, there's Queen Amalama ...dabadoo , whatever her name is.

If you're a princess, you're in a royal family… and monarchies are not democratic . Now, the far left is not always democratic either, but since the left is usually socialist in some way, I don't know a lot of far left extremists who are pro-monarchy.

Now take a look at the “Empire”. They come across as hard core right wing authoritarians. But if you look at how they operate, they have a republic, a senate... it's not too clear if they have universal suffrage . Maybe only the wealthy planet owners can vote. But still... even if it's a primitive Grecian style democracy, it's still a democracy.

So... we're cheering a bunch of monarchists fighting a democracy? How'd that happen?

http://www.davegutteridge.com/+image/star_wars_triumph.png
The hints were there from the start

Who exactly are these “rebels”?

When you look at it, they don't seem like an uprising of working class people. When we very first see Luke Skywalker on the farm on Tattooine , his Uncle owns the farmland. It's droids who do all the blue collar work.

It seems the rebellion is led by landed gentry and dispossessed monarchists who've had their traditional power structure threatened by an emerging republic.

There was one time I was talking about this, a guy said to me, “actually Queen Abadalamadingdong was “elected” to her seat in the senate.” I looked it up on the interwebs, and that's technically true. She was elected.

When she was 14, though. Now, I know this was probably written this way because, George Lucas wanted to line things up so that Princess Allibabababoo wouldn't be too much older, years later when she got it on with young boy-band-era Vader. I don't know why that was a problem, because there ain't nothing wrong with a little cougar action, but that seems to be what happened at the script writing level.

Whatever, though. Lucas might have been more focused on character time lines than the politics, but it doesn't excuse anything. We've still got the story we've got.

No functioning democracy elects a 14 year old girl to anything higher than hall monitor , so she has to have been ushered into power by a ruling elite.

If the rebellion were just the landed gentry, that might be a excusable. Hell, George Washington was the wealthiest land owner in the colonies , but there was still some merit in his rebellion. But the situation gets worse. Because at the heart of the rebellion are the Jedi.

At first glance, the Jedi seem all Zen and spiritual and peaceful. You first see Obi Wan out wandering in the desert, fighting injustices, like Caine in Kung Fu . So, you know, you think they're all a bunch of counter culture revolutionary warrior monks.

But then in the movie The Phantom Menace , which historically is further back in time, you see the Jedi in the penthouse suite of some deluxe high rise on the capital planet of the galaxy. They have this Star Chamber with bay windows overlooking the metropolis. They’re casually chatting over Earl Gray tea about how to influence politics and alter the fates of all the citizens of the galaxy.

Nobody elected these guys. Nobody voted for Yoda. What the hell happened to the separation of church and state? They're like the evangelical movement in the US Republican party, pushing their agenda behind the scenes.

Not only are we cheering for anti-democratic monarchists, they're also fundamentalist theocrats .

These guys aren't just out to stop gays from becoming stormtroopers. These guys start whole ground wars that get who knows how many people killed.

For example, in Phantom Menace they go down to planet Jamaica where the Jar Jarians live, and convince them to fight a robot army and get mowed down like Aztecs being slaughtered by conquistadors . What do the Jedi offer in return? They send in two human white guys to rescue a human white girl.

Why do the Jar Jarians agree? 'Cause the leader of the Jar Jarians is a fucking king... another monarchist. He's got a divine right to rule to protect, so of course he's on board.

Now, you’re probably thinking “Yeah, but just look at the Empire, they’ve got lots of black, dark atmospheric mood lighting, and lots of heavy breathing. They’ve got to be evil, right? And the Jedi have all soft earth tones, lots of brown, long hair, and eating granola, they’ve got to be good, right?

What makes them so good, all deep down?

Here’s where it gets really fucked up. In the new series of movies, George Lucas revealed to us what it is that makes a Jedi a Jedi. In order to be a part of “the force”, you have to have this stuff in your blood called “Midi-chlorians”. So... you have to be born with the right blood...

Not just antidemocratic monarchist fundamentalist theocrats... they're also racial supremacists! Holy fuck!

Now it makes sense why the Jedi wear the brown shirts ! We're supposed to cheer for these fascists?

We're supposed to be happy, singing “yub yub”, along with the Ewoks, when these authoritarian assholes win at the end of Return of the Jedi?

A victory which is ludicrous when you think about it. I don't know what it takes to build a death star , but apparently a death star is something an empire the size of a galaxy can only build one at a time. I think it's safe to assume that they'd devote their best troops to protecting this thing. The best troops in an entire galaxy.

We're seriously meant to believe that they couldn't defend a shed in the woods from a pack of plush toys with pre-bronze age technology?

It's so incredulous, it defies all reason...

Unless... you think about what the far far away galaxy is like after the final battle that defeats the Empire.

There’s probably some tough questions being asked during Luke Skywalker’s thousand year Reich . Questions like, “We fought all these battles, all these people died, We got rid of the evil overlord Darth Vader, and now… his son is in charge? Another Skywalker and his crypto-incestuous sister are running the show now? What kind of revolution was this?”

Not only has all the power in the galaxy been passing around within one family, but with the death of exiled Pope Yoda, Luke has moved into the position of head of the official state religion. Church and state have been unified, and Ayatollah Skywalker reigns supreme over his dystopian theocratic dictatorship.

And that's when it hit me. I saw it, man, I saw what was going on. Maybe George Lucas is the most brilliant film maker of all time.

You see, think of it like this. History is written by the victors. So maybe what George Lucas is doing is writing this whole series from a meta-contextual point of view, showing us history as it would be depicted if the forces of evil had won.

The story is shown from the point of view after Dear Leader Skywalker went all Stalin on the historical records. The photos have been airbrushed , the scrolls have been burned , the statues knocked down ... we're seeing the revisionist history the House of Skywalker wants us to believe.

If that's what George Lucas is doing, it's fucking brilliant. The hints are there, but you have to peel back the layers of propaganda to look for the real story.

What's really going on?

Before the story depicted in the movies begins, democracy was emerging in the galaxy in the form of a republic, with a democratically elected senate. The monarchists and elite were seeing their tyrannical rule coming to an end. They tried to maintain power by filling the sentate with their own kind, like they did with Queen Amadamadingdong. That failed, and they were marginalized.

http://www.davegutteridge.com/+image/for_trial_by_jury.png
In this telling scene, Anakin Skywalker argues against the extra-judicial summary execution of a political leader by a Jedi zealot, and calls instead for a trial by jury. For this, he is depicted as a villain.

Even worse for the Jedi, Anakin Skywalker, Luke's father and their chosen messiah, is won over by democratic values. Anakin becomes so keen to distance himself from the cult that has tried to brainwash him since childhood that he dons a Subcomandante Marcos mask and renames himself Darth Vader.

He then aggressively, and for a time successfully, tries to purge the Jedi from the halls of power, making him a champion of the separation of church and state. Which, in my books, is a good thing.

By the time we get to Luke Skywalker, democracy is everywhere and things might have gone well, except no one could have anticipated just how ruthless Luke Skywalker would be. Luke was probably moisture farmer on Tatooine as much as George Bush was a Texan rancher. No, Luke was a demagogue laying in wait.

The Skywalker name gives Luke the backing of the Jedi, but they need the money and resources of the monarchists and land owners to fund the Jedi's jihad against the secular government. To convince the monarchists to come along, Luke and his cohorts concocted this whole story about how he discovered a weapon of mass destruction that only he could destroy. How convenient.

Was there really a death star? Everyone who supposedly witnessed a planet being destroyed by a “death star” are all dead now, except, by no coincidence, for Luke's sister.

It was Luke and the Jedi cabal who blew up Alderaan! It was a galactic Reichstag Fire , Gulf of Tonkin , Manchurian railway in space. Great disturbance in the force my ass. It was a great disturbance by the force!

The monarchists were convinced, and supplied Luke with all the resources he need to launch his bloody coup d'état . Luke then makes a huge display of blowing up a star base that could have been a medicine factory for all we know, and the monarchists adorn him with medals for his “Mission Accomplished” moment, which, like similar moments , was only the beginning of the bloodshed.

The final twist of the propaganda knife is claiming that his father renounced democracy just before dying. Again, anyone on the second death star who might have witnessed Vader sacrificing the emperor in an act of atonement to his son – they're all dead now too.

That's how Luke rolls. He kills all witnesses.

The whole Star Wars series is Ayatollah Skywalker's whitewashed history of his brutal ascent to power. It's his Triumph of the Will !

It even explains the terrible storytelling set against incredible scenery. I mean, it's a state sponsored propaganda film. It has all the brilliant special effects of a Chinese Olympic opening ceremony , but the stilted story telling of a North Korean news report . Even in the very production of the films the historical revisionism is hinted at. I mean, we all know that the free market neocon mercenary Han Solo shot Greedo first, but even that detail got suppressed to support the official state narrative.

If it's the case that the whole Star Wars series is a post modern metacontextual propaganda for the Skywalker regime, then maybe George Lucas is a brilliant writer working on so many more levels than we've even discovered yet!



And then I saw Indiana Jones part four , and was reminded that, Lucas is just a hack .

Still, we've got the story we've got, the most deceptive and seductive pro-fascist narrative ever written. The Jedi mind trick has been played on all of us. “This is not the hero's journey you were looking for.”

So... I'm not a Star Wars fan anymore. If it ever happens again that I see that scene where Luke is going down the trench, I'll still get tense...

... but I'll be cheering for Vader.□

http://www.davegutteridge.com/star_wars_-_force_and_state

blindpig
10-24-2015, 08:57 AM
The force awakens (in Ukraine): Darth Vader statue replaces Lenin monument
Artist converts Vladimir Lenin statue in Odessa into a monument to the Star Wars villain and it’s not the first time the George Lucas film has invaded politics

(Video at link.)
Monument to character of Darth Vader from “Star Wars”, which was rebuilt from statue of Soviet state founder Lenin is seen in Odessa.
Lanre Bakare

Friday 23 October 2015 10.20 EDT Last modified on Friday 23 October 2015 16.29 EDT


In Odessa, Ukraine, the force really has been awakened with a statue of Vladimir Lenin being converted into one of the dark lord himself, Darth Vader.

While the rest of the world was trying to figure out what The Force Awakens trailer reveals about the new film, artist Alexander Milov – whose work appeared at Burning Man this year – was busy creating what he claims is the world’s first-ever monument to Vader (the Sith lord formerly known as Anakin Skywalker).

Milov transformed the Soviet-era statue after new legislation (the “decommunisation” laws) came into force in Ukraine, which demands all remnants and symbols of the country’s communist past be taken down.

Fittingly, the statue will radiate a force (the head contains a Wi-Fi hotspot) and Milov hopes that the monument will attract Star Wars fans from around the world.

Reports claim the original statue was made of gypsum, which had weakened over time, with Milov strengthening the structure and adding a helmet and cape made of titanium alloy.

https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/fb9e3f15bf47ba20e8e2d79141c307d14a3b1870/0_0_3666_2832/master/3666.jpg?w=620&q=85&auto=format&sharp=10&
Stormtroopers take part in the inauguration ceremony. Photograph: Volodymyr Shuvayev/AFP/Getty Images

Darth Lenin is in a factory in the Black Sea port city, which has been the location of clashes between separatist and pro-Ukraine forces, and recently saw pro-western former Georgian leader Mikheil Saakashvili installed as governor of the region.

Ukrainian politics is no stranger to the influence of Star Wars. The Internet Party of Ukraine put forward Darth Vader as candidate for prime minister last year, alongside other candidates Chewbacca, Padmé Amidala and Yoda. The party wasn’t successful.


http://youtu.be/H4wVqDf1xks
Disney’s own official PR campaign for the film saw the company place 500 stormtroopers on the Great Wall of China, while giant billboards flashed with the message “The Force Awakens”.

http://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/oct/23/darth-vader-statue-erected-ukraine

Kid of the Black Hole
10-24-2015, 04:19 PM
Ha. Gutteridge actually makes alot of sense. The thing, its been recognized for years that Star Wars is closer to a clandestine Re-Re-Awakening than legitimate science ficiton (of course, "legitimate" is the question here, since the entire genre tends toward manoralism most of the time)

blindpig
10-26-2015, 09:57 AM
The reverse side of Palpatine

colonelcassad
October 26 15:55

https://pp.vk.me/c625726/v625726397/3903d/a-OMEIu52DE.jpg

As a cherry on the cake Ukrainian electoral trash. The candidate from Darth Vader, Palpatine Dmitry V. became a member of the City Council of Odessa.

Palpatine candidate Dmitry V. on the results of the local elections managed to get elected to the City Council of Odessa on the list of the party "Trust matters."
As the newspaper writes "Dumskaya.net," 25-year-old Palpatine, "the emperor working in LLC" Palpatine Finance Group ", in his 57 th District in the village Kotovsky scored 54.4%, far ahead of the competition.

The theme of "Star Wars" was especially popular in the course of the Ukrainian elections.
Before the vote, city territorial election commission registered the election list of Odessa Block Darth Vader, which included 48 candidates : 44 of them are name Darth Vader and one - Master Yoda.
On Election Day in Odessa was arrested the driver of one of Darth Vader in costume Chewbacca.
In addition, it was reported that a petition for the appointment of Darth Vader prime minister of Ukraine scored 25 th. signatures.

http://www.gazeta.ru/politics/news/2015/1 0/26 / n_7813817.shtml - zinc

http://7kanal.com.ua/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/Snimok1-485x487.jpg
Here it is actually quite transparent, this should simply be where there Palpatine and Darth Vader.


https://pp.vk.me/c622125/v622125363/2a804/2W_7d4n410E.jpg
Golubov - Head of the "Internet Party of Ukraine".

Dmitry Golubov suspected of online fraud. Golubov has created a web page Carderplanet.com and registered in Madagascar. Around this site formed a criminal group for the production of counterfeit cards of international payment systems «MasterCard» and «Visa». As acknowledged later Ukrainian hacker Neron, groups together about 7000 "carders" - criminals who are engaged in fraud with bank cards. Scammers are mostly Russian and representatives of other Eastern European countries. The site has been given a wide range of services: where to buy equipment to counterfeit cards and where - ready card.
It is believed that through this organization, "Raiffeisenbank" in March 2005 stopped receiving their cards in Ukraine. Carderplanet acted on the territory of 20 countries. UK police said that in 2003-2006 with the help of this site in banks around the stolen more than 11 million dollars, although it is also called the numbers a few times more. Golubov as one of the most high-profile cyber criminals of all time. Managers gang helped police tracked down many countries, intelligence agencies, the FBI and the US Treasury. July 7, 2005 Dmitry Golubov was arrested in his home in Odessa.

Half the accused spent in the capital Lukyanovka jail. Golubov was charged under four articles of the Criminal Code of Ukraine - he faces imprisonment of up to 12 years. 22 December 2005 at the preliminary hearing in Solomenskiy district court in Kiev Judge Vladimir Skorik decided to release Golubov from arrest and transfer him to bail MP from the "Party Regions "Vladimir and Vladimir Makeyenko Demekhin. They have 50 thousand hryvnia bail each. The judge also refused to representatives of the companies «MasterCard» and «Visa» to address the court as a public plaintiff. The fault Dmitry Golubov still does not recognize. After four years of litigation Golubov acquitted Solomenskyi district court of Kyiv.

Http://files.lb.ua/person/1813_golubov_d mitriy_ivanovich.html - zinc

http://cs6.pikabu.ru/post_img/2014/03/30/11/1396199525_1716444684.png


http://cs6.pikabu.ru/post_img/2014/03/30/11/1396199525_1716444684.png

https://pp.vk.me/c624429/v624429446/4b68a/xAHLN3kSXws.jpg
blue and Palpatine.

http://img.theinsider.ua/images/doc/6/c/6c655c0-222.jpg
The real name of Palpatine - Fisinchuk Dmitry Viktorovich.


http://argumentua.com/i/PVX86VmJ9g.jpg
Standard set of bribery in the Ukrainian elections .

http://dumskaya.net/pics/b0/picturepicture_82052292129423_8688.jpg
Party "Trust matters." Among them, the Emperor Palpatine. "Party of Regions" has laid to rest, and STDs are not so promising.
Although it is still just a year ago ...


http://img.112.ua/original/2014/10/28/86181.jpg
It is worth noting that in 2014 Golubov was Poroshenko from the block where it is said the Ukrainian media gave a well-known Goncharenko "famous" people photographing burned in the House of Trade Unions. In these elections Golubov has pereobulsya and walked from the other party, and "Darth Vader" and Co., as usual went separately, but this time failed to carry out human Golubov in the local city council.


http://images.aif.ru/003/442/7413e5e0b635e21e75052bc225d92d57.jpg
The Congress of the Internet party. Given that under Yanukovych activities Golubov linked to the "Party of Regions", and after the coup d'etat with Poroshenko, there is the classic shifter with its spoiler-project, which he sells to major oligarchic parties.


Goncharenko, blue and Darth Vader (in the world Shevchenko Aleksey Viktorovich)


[img]https://pp.vk.me/c623924/v623924572/549d1/HdGnQnSeioo.jpg
Maximum shocking for votes.

PS. Laugh laugh, but just think about it, the character of fiction film went around some sort of local candidates and took the deputy chair. In fact, all the creative political technology.

http://img0.reactor.cc/pics/post/StarWars-%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0-611893.jpeg
In reality, of course none of this would be.

http://colonelcassad.livejournal.com/2449153.html

Google Translator

Other photos at link.

Please make it stop

blindpig
12-17-2015, 02:10 PM
Is it reactionary revisionist allegory or is it allegoric reactionary revisionism?

ARGUMENT
In a Counterinsurgency Far, Far Away
After Return of the Jedi, the victorious Rebels declared “mission accomplished” a bit too early. Here’s how they can win, for good this time.
BY PAUL D. MILLER, MICHAEL BOYLEDECEMBER 16, 2015facebooktwittergoogle-plusredditemail
In a Counterinsurgency Far, Far Away
The first great struggle between the Rebel Alliance and the Galactic Empire ended with the destruction of the Death Star and an apparent victory for the Rebels at the Battle of Endor. Yet we now know that the struggle has raged on for the last 30 years. Why did the defeat of Emperor Palpatine and the much heralded “return of the Jedi” not produce decades of peace under a restored Republic?

In hindsight, it’s clear that for the Rebel Alliance the Imperial defeat at the Battle of Endor was a classic example of a catastrophic victory: a sudden collapse of a seemingly unbeatable foe that produced opportunities it was unprepared to exploit. Rather than capitalizing on their historic gains and establishing the hoped-for New Republic, the Rebels simply allowed the Galactic Empire to fragment, ushering in a period of chaos.

Now, facing a more virulent version of the Empire under the guise of the mysterious First Order, the Resistance, the successor of the Rebel Alliance, must succeed where its progenitor failed: It must be prepared to “win the peace” and show that it represents the best hope to end this destructive conflict and bring order to the galaxy.

From the vantage point of a galaxy far, far away, we draw on our own history from a not-so-long time ago — chiefly, the experiences and lessons of the conflicts and unrest in Iraq, Afghanistan, Syria, and Libya — to offer a set of strategic recommendations to the leaders of the Resistance that will allow them to not only defeat the First Order, but to make its defeat absolute.

I. Horror vacui

Much of what we thought we knew about the Empire, the aftermath of its collapse, and the rise of its successor, the shadowy First Order, has now been shown to be a collection of unreliable legends. Newly unearthed research now enables us to assemble a patchy and incomplete picture of what happened in the years after the Rebel victory at Endor. What at first appeared to be an overwhelming victory with the destruction of the second Death Star, we now know, was little more than the prequel to a longer saga pitting the heirs of the Empire and the Rebel Alliance against each other in a battle for the soul of the galaxy.

While most of the details of this struggle have yet to be revealed (we’re not reading spoilers just yet), its rough outline is clear. Once held together by force, terror, and Emperor Palpatine’s cult of personality, the Imperial order collapsed into chaos, producing autonomous zones and ungoverned spaces in systems long ago governed by the Republic, the Trade Federation, and others. This power vacuum enabled remnants of the Empire to undertake devastating, if strategically counterproductive, reprisal strikes against entire worlds.This power vacuum enabled remnants of the Empire to undertake devastating, if strategically counterproductive, reprisal strikes against entire worlds.

This wanton destruction and chaos predictably invited violence, piracy, and criminality, led by powerful warlords like the Hutts or bounty hunters like the Fetts, amid other scum and villainy. The multiplication of “failed planets” across the galaxy created a hunger for the restoration of stability. The growing chaos eventually fueled the rise of the First Order, a neo-fascist descendant of the Empire with revanchist ambitions, led by the ruthless General Hux, with possible ties to a hard-line mystic cult known as the Knights of Ren.

Much of the chaos following the Rebel Alliance’s victory was predictable. Its wartime leaders were overwhelmingly focused on avoiding missteps and destroying their vastly more powerful enemy while ignoring the problems of violence, factionalism, and criminality that plague post-conflict environments across the universe. It is not unusual for processes that bring about a democratic transition to result in violence and ultimately fail, especially if the resistance forces fail to consolidate power. Moreover, any sharp historian of the Old Republic could have told them that empires rarely end neatly. The collapse of empires has traditionally led to new conflicts, fomenting hypernationalist forces that conjure a mystical, glorious past and seek to punish those who cost them their privileges and position.

The First Order clearly falls into the latter category: deifying the great figures of the Empire, such as Darth Vader, and seeking to punish those star systems that were not kept in line by the technological terror of the Empire’s weapon of planetary destruction. The First Order may, in fact, attempt to one-up its Imperial predecessor through an escalation in the arms race, allegedly developing a weapon of stellar destruction. This combination of bitter historical grievances and technological know-how will make the First Order a dangerous and violent successor to the widely feared Galactic Empire.

Like many insurgent groups, the Resistance faces intense military pressure and therefore keeps its organizational structure and tactical plans secret. We know little about the Resistance, except that it carries the mantle of the old Rebel Alliance, after the latter’s failure to transition into a governing authority.

There is a troubling possibility that the Resistance, like the First Order, is connected to another religious sect known as the Jedi — related to but, they claim, distinct from the dark Sith. The whereabouts or even the existence of their cult leader Luke Skywalker are unknown, though his supposed family connection to the highest levels of the Empire is troubling, if true. Even more worrisome are other rumors suggesting the Jedi may be establishing a hereditary and undemocratic religious dynasty around the next generation of the Skywalker-Solo clan.

As Libya, Iraq, and Syria have shown us, the combination of intense religious factionalism and a chaotic post-conflict environment is a toxic one that can lead to escalating violence and brutality. To avoid that outcome, the new Resistance must learn from the mistakes of the Rebel Alliance and quickly devise a plan to destroy the First Order and re-establish the Republic on the basis of indirect rule.

II. Boots on the ground

During the last conflict, the Rebel Alliance focused its attention on destroying the Empire’s most powerful weapon but lacked a coherent plan for destroying its remnants, scattered across the galaxy. Moreover, the Rebels deployed only small numbers of ground forces, relying instead upon unskilled indigenous tribal forces for the Battle of Endor. This left the Rebels with few “boots on the ground” to maintain their hold planets after their victory and provided an opening for the Empire to regroup and rebrand itself in the ungoverned spaces of the galaxy.

If the Resistance is to defeat the First Order, it has no choice but to follow Mao Zedong’s guidelines for guerrilla warfare, mounting an ambitious conventional military campaign to destroy the First Order’s military capabilities. As the conflict evolves, it must be prepared to shift from the hit-and-run guerrilla warfare strategy used on Endor to a sustained ground and air campaign against First Order forces. On the ground, the Resistance must be prepared to match the fearsome AT-AT and AT-ST battalions. It can no longer use ground forces for mere delaying operations, as it did in the Battle of Hoth, where casualties were heavy and the senior leadership escaped through luck and the help of local pirates. A crucial part of this new strategy will be to train and equip combat-ready local forces like Wookies and Gungans into organized battalions to hold planets on the Outer Rim of the galaxy.

Similarly, the Resistance will also need to make better use of its impressive, dual-use B-wing, X-wing, and Y-wing fighters, capable of both atmospheric and space-borne combat. But aging Mon Calamari Star Cruisers, Corellian corvettes, and Nebulon-B escort frigates have a poor reputation against Imperial Star Destroyers, let alone the dreaded Super Star Destroyer. If the Resistance builds the same strike force it had at the Battle of Yavin, it will do little more than replicate its previous failures.

It is crucial that the Resistance not attempt to “fight the last war,” as the United States did in Iraq in 2003.It is crucial that the Resistance not attempt to “fight the last war,” as the United States did in Iraq in 2003. Rather, it must realize that this is a different kind of struggle, necessitating new tactics and new allies. Crucially, this strategy must also include building a “coalition of the willing” under a unified military command in order to destroy First Order forces. The Resistance will need to make common cause with its old allies — Gungans, Wookies, Ewoks, and others — while reaching deals of accommodation with previously hostile forces, such as the Ugnaughts and Neimoidians. Even hostile tribal forces, such as the Gamorreans and Tusken Raiders, are candidates for this coalition who could be deployed effectively as paramilitaries operating behind enemy lines, provided that they can accept the command of the Resistance forces.

III. Build, hold, govern

One bitter lesson from years of war in Afghanistan and Iraq is that victory is meaningless unless the winners have a comprehensive plan to “win the peace.” Assuming the Resistance defeats the First Order, it must demonstrate to the people of the galaxy that the Resistance represents a safer bet for long-term stability and prosperity. It is no longer sufficient to allow planets of the Outer Rim, especially weakly governed ones like Tatooine or Nar Shaddaa, to remain on the margins of political order or under the sway of organized crime. From our own experience here on Earth, we know that failed states and ungoverned territories remain breeding grounds for insurgents and provide an ideal space for your enemy to regroup and rearm.

Instead, Resistance officials must work to co-opt planets along the Outer Rim and offer a more representative and pluralistic regime than the Jedi-dominated Old Republic. Critics may doubt the feasibility and cost of such an approach, but the existential nature of the struggle against the First Order means that no planet can remain on the sidelines without risking its own destruction.

Once these planets have joined the Resistance, it is crucial that its leaders build a government that is more democratic than the Old Republic. The weakness of the Old Republic’s executive and judicial institutions to check the legislature allowed the rise of Emperor Palpatine; to prevent this from happening again, these branches must be strengthened and the powers of the Senate curtailed. With any luck, the Resistance will be capable of building a legislature that boasts more capable members than Sen. Jar Jar Binks, or his contemporaries in the U.S. Congress today. Further, the Resistance will need to avoid granting substantial political power to veto-players such as the Jedi Council, whose political stagnation, inflexibility, and repeated intelligence failures enabled the rise of the Empire.

At the same time, to bolster its legitimacy, the Resistance may initially need to adopt some of the symbols of the Jedi cult as a new state religion, particularly if the support for this faith grows in the course of the struggle. The Resistance could even go so far as to encourage the hereditary religious dynasty that appears to be taking shape, so long as the dynasty remains a figurehead with little real power. It is not unusual for new governments to cloak themselves in religious and nationalist symbols in this way, provided that the standard-bearers of the religion support the authority of the government, rather than undermine it. The question at present is whether the standard-bearers for that religion will be a force for order in the galaxy or will instead follow their ancestors in destabilizing it.

Ultimately, the success of the peace will depend on the Resistance’s ability to hold territory and provide law and order, especially in places that were once dens of criminality. For this reason, the stability of planets like Jakku and Tatooine is crucial and can no longer be left to the control of crime bosses like the Hutts. The Resistance may find itself concluding — as Britain and later the United States did — that the only way to re-establish order over fragmented, politically diverse territories is indirect rule supported by indigenous law enforcement. Carefully cultivating local leaders will be crucial to providing a legitimate “face” for the new Resistance-led government. Otherwise, if the Resistance fails to govern, or governs too directly as the Empire did, there will be no end in sight to the generational wars among the stars.

https://foreignpolicy.com/2015/12/16/star-wars-jedi-ackbar-sith-vader-empire-jj-abrams/?utm_content=bufferb9549&utm_medium=social&utm_source=twitter.com&utm_campaign=buffer

Both, I think.