Communist poet
05/07/2016
In memory of Boris Gunko
The history of world literature included many poets, whose work was inextricably linked with the struggle for the liberation of the working people. Among them, the author of the "International" Eugene Potier, trade union leader Joe Hill, who was executed by the United States, proud of its democracy, our compatriot V. Mayakovsky, Bertolt Brecht ...
Boris Mikhailovich Gunko
At the end of the 20th century, the chemical engineer Boris Mikhailovich Gunko took an honorable place on this list. He died 10 years ago on May 4, 2006. May 6, the Moscow Communists spent his last journey.
Boris Mikhailovich was born on August 31, 1933 in a family of hereditary nobles who became communists. His grandfather, an old Bolshevik, was shot in the late 1930s, and his father was detained for a long time.
The hardships of the family did not push its members onto the path of anti-Sovietism. Moreover, B.M. Gunko his whole life remained a convinced Stalinist, reacting extremely negatively to the criticism of I.V. Stalin.
About the tragedy of his family B.M. Gunko wrote the poem "Father":
I came to my father's grave
To remember and worship.
Here I stand here - and not from the face,
And from the heart a tear flows.
Dad, honey! Forgive me,
What come to you not often.
I'm at the front. There is a war.
Fierce enemy tore the country apart.
Dad, honey! I was so small
When in the dark night deaf
They took you ... I slept soundly,
Did not feel the kiss.
And then ... You have a gulag,
Many years of imprisonment.
I could not believe it
In fact, that you were the enemy of the people.
Might break my soul.
Thank God that he knew little.
I remember how mother was killed,
Day and night, the prose wrote.
And always only one answer
Though knit rope tie:
“There are no grounds for cancellation,
I confessed to my crimes. "
... Stalin died. Khrushchev came.
Judas rushed into the simpleton.
And then ... went to the Leader.
Obolg - and people were silent.
I did not believe! Sometimes in our hearts
In a fight climbed with indifferent scum.
I had two fathers
And both doused with mud.
And if you remember, grandfather
There was a brave ally of Lenin,
In the thirty-fifth - and there is no grandfather:
Turned out to be among the shot.
Who turns the robbery in the country?
There is a mystery here.
Only one thing was clear to me:
Not guilty Comrade Stalin.
My mind was dizzy in thoughts.
I wrote a letter to your camp.
Dad, honey! Do not believe, dear,
Charges to this brazen!
My friends laughed at me:
"Wait! Daddy will come back
Will explain to you the role of the Leader
And you will understand that the truth is ours! ”
You are back. I waited longingly
From you horrible stories,
What do Stalin say so-and-so ...
Only you did not say once
Nothing bad about him.
And when you hinted,
You were silent, but with such fire
The pygmy eyes sparkled!
But once, as if litter
Sweeping from my soul
Our conversation took place.
Every day I remember him!
You said to me: "Believe, son, -
I went through a hard school.
Would break many times
From resentment and grief.
I was pure before the people,
And I, as an enemy, was exiled.
Here, catch it here, hold on,
Do not say that Stalin is guilty!
You could sing with the fierce beast
Stand in the ranks of every rabble,
If only “yours is mine”
Put higher than the fate of the people.
Today they are talking about
That was too cruel Stalin.
And I think about something else:
Be it softer - what would become of us?
Repeat - GULAG! Gulag!
I know who was in the gulag.
Basically there was a sworn enemy -
Possessed, cruel, arrogant.
True, I also saw others
There were holy souls.
But planted their enemies
To rather destroy the country!
Remember my word, son, -
This pack will show itself
More angry dogs will rush
On our country in a wild rage!
With a new force will raise a howl,
Dissolve the swamp,
To drown in it the Soviet system,
Turning people into idiots.
And then ... But guess what?
You need to be ready for anything.
And to that, to give life
For the great and holy.
Remember, my son, life is precious,
If there is a high feat in it.
Remember: THE MAIN THING IS SOCIALISM!
Without it, only lies and meanness. ”
So said you holy on that day,
Chopped off all doubts at once.
And before the tomb put in operation
My heart, soul and mind.
The only way! but how do I know -
Be your position,
Maybe “democrat” to become
Would ambition lead me ?!
And I would go in scoundrels
With frivolously evil bravado,
What offended, they say, father
And I do not need "this country".
How I think every time
The spirit of such visions will be sickened.
That you saved me, dad
Unselfish is my kind genius.
Dad, honey! I swear to you:
I will fulfill all your covenants,
Like you, not bend in the fight
For the victory of the Land of the Soviets.
And let the enemy rage,
Let riot police lute it
But our red flag will come.
Over Moscow and Washington!
Will never break me
No danger, no fatigue.
To the front line of fire
Raises holy fury.
I do not need another inheritance
I do not get along with a different fate.
The truth is so much affairs
That sometimes dizzy.
Because you forgive me
What come to you not often.
There will be peace. For now - the war.
Fierce enemy tore the country apart.
1997
This poem is strikingly reminiscent of Arkady Gaidar's “The Fate of a Drummer” written 60 years before him, whose author tried to understand what the son of the repressed Red Army commander would do when he met the real enemy of his country.
After graduating from the Moscow Institute of Chemical Technology named after D.I. Mendeleev, Boris Mikhailovich worked in research institutes. He was an excellent engineer, a talented inventor and a hard-to-communicate person who was used to making very high (and possibly excessively high) demands on himself and others.
In Soviet times, B.M. Gunko wrote poems for himself and did not seek to publish them. Among his few early works, which were later published, it is worth mentioning the poem “The Goats”. This poem, distinguished by its energetic style and figurative metaphors and hyperbole, gives a vivid picture of the degradation of the national intelligentsia in the 1950s and 60s:
Just by lunchtime the day is coming
In the arms of tobacco smoke,
Rejecting the usual Russian laziness,
Exploding materschina.
And you behind the wall can not understand
But what happened there is this:
Then some eggs will be considered
That fish some catch!
As if knocking drumming fractions
Breaking the silence.
... Already on the heels driven all the wrinkles on his forehead,
Scientist ... "Goat scores"!
With the greatness of the woodpecker, hollowing the bitches,
With diligence that has become a habit
Gear "hollow" PhD
Silenced sallow chip.
From a crush to a wall, sticking belly
And putting a neck with a giraffe,
Kashlem to the green mat vomits
The uncle of some stranger.
And nearby, worrying, sit and stand
Squatting and tiptoeing
Pushing through the smoke only tongue and eyes,
Some kind of nerve tits.
Otherwise, even in the head count forget it,
Though lollobrigida undress,
Though in the ass the Baltic Sea inlet -
Does not feel, no, does not move!
But just try at least once in a hundred years
"Five" with the "six" confused.
Mischievous! Zaorut like a mad lion
Hedgehog by mistake ate!
And here matershinniki enter into a rage!
With such a joke -
The girls innocent seems as much
What they undress and feel.
And it is hard to believe that
Alas, every day is repeated ...
And somewhere, birds will sing spring,
AND CUBA IN FIRE FIGHTS!
1960
Generally speaking, the domino game itself does not contain anything reprehensible. Another thing is bad: to a new generation of the national intelligentsia, by and large, neither the birds that sing the spring, nor the Cube fighting in the fire are interested. The Soviet intelligentsia is turning into a "middle class" and is turning gray before our eyes. This process was cruelly and mercilessly described by the then young engineer.
It is curious that the writer of completely opposite political views spoke about the same process a little later, who even coined the term “educated”. In essence, both Gunko and Solzhenitsyn talked about the same process, but looked at it from different sides.
It is said that B.M. Gunko wrote ... in verse. However, the leadership of the Institute, in which the applicant worked, without having fundamental objections to the scientific content, recommended that the material be presented in a more traditional form. Boris Mikhailovich did not want to sacrifice his principles and did not redo his dissertation.
I do not know whether it is a fact or fiction. But if fiction, then psychologically quite reliable.
In conscience time, being a convinced communist, B.M. Gunko did not join and did not try to join the CPSU. “In order to join the CPSU, ” he said, “it was necessary to receive two recommendations. I could ask for a recommendation only from a person who possesses two qualities: first, he must be a member of the CPSU, and second, he deserves my respect. Unfortunately, in my life I never met two people who had both of these qualities at the same time . ” Nevertheless, Boris Mikhailovich successfully graduated from the University of Marxism-Leninism. True, his thesis on the role of art in the communist education of the working people caused clear dissatisfaction among the ideological authorities.
In the late 1980s, the previously unknown chemical engineer Gunko was promoted to be one of the leading Russian poets. His position does not fit into the classification of the Russian political spectrum, which antisocialist forces tried to impose on the public. On the one hand, Boris Mikhailovich is a convinced communist, and on the other, a communist who has no relation to the nomenclature and its politics. In those days, it seemed very strange. B.M. Gunko among the few authors criticizes the policy of the communist nomenclature on the left. And besides, he does not seek to enter the circle of this very nomenclature. As for the “democrats,” the poet is absolutely incompatible with them, seeing in them the characters of his poem about goats.
Evil poems of Boris Gunko
In contrast to most of the beautifully-minded Russian intellectuals B.M. Gunko almost instantly saw through the essence of “perestroika” and understood how it would inevitably end. After appearing in the "Soviet Russia" article "I can not sacrifice principles" B.M. Gunko is associated with N.A. Andreeva and soon creates together with her a social organization of a left-communist orientation. And then he enters the newly created Russian Communist Workers' Party and becomes one of its leaders. In the fall of 1993, B.M. Gunko actively participates in the defense of the House of the Supreme Council.
The poems created by B.M. Gunko in 1990-2006, we can distinguish several ideological lines. The main line: understanding the historical process in general and the defeat of the communist movement in the late 20th century in particular. This is stated in the program poem of Boris Mikhailovich:
* * *
When the old world, mowing down in vice
Already ready for self-destruction,
He has a high mind resurrected
From the darkness of ages great idea.
Not the first time, alas, not the first time
She offered to save the world
And nowadays hardly any of us
Indicates where its beginning lies.
Still Christ in the wilderness of men
Her heart fire so hot touched,
What was called was an enthusiastic crowd
Savior, Messiah, Son of God.
He said that you need to live loving,
What is not given salvation otherwise
That the only way to save yourself
Lies through the salvation of another.
And the centuries went by. And this thought matured.
And carried me to heavenly nirvana.
... And crucified again, he ascended high
Over the terrible world of lies and chistocha.
And the century struck when not God, not King
And not a hero, but life-giving work
In himself opened the way to heaven.
And not in the afterlife, in the present!
And my great people arose from their knees,
And immediately became uniquely young.
And powerfully directed the world forward
Sickle and Hammer crossed over the world.
That new Cross was the former Cross
The successor is natural and right.
And the old world started for a reason
Over it the insidious punishment.
He could not overcome him by force
And then he took a different direction,
To overcome his spirit and flesh
To trifles calculated corruption.
And he let out his dead sweet poison
A river of lies in the minds of the people.
And the people were full of that river,
Suddenly turned into an insignificant freak.
And all the great work of countless ages,
Constellations of exploits and thoughts of the gigantic,
Obediently becoming a country of fools,
Gave people for the right to live in a swine.
And all that he knew was blasphemously forgotten.
And what he loved, why he believed so hot,
In the delirium of the chorus is trampled and insulted
Senseless, shameful betrayal ...
And again, all over again and in full -
Blood, poverty, the way from sheep to people
And maybe the last war,
After which there will be nothing.
And only after many thousands of years,
When the fog dries out poisonous,
Life and gloomy dawn will arise
Will call again to the sufferings and battles.
Everything can be ... But it can not be.
And the torch of Life will never break out,
Kohl so many times we could not swim
Before the fertile solid of Communism.
1998
Boris Mikhailovich perceives the return of our country "to the channel of world civilization" as a world-historic tragedy. And sees its main reason - the loss of historical perspective. The future of humanity remains more than problematic and, worst of all, the strength and desire to fight for a better future most people do not have today.
Many left-wing authors view the events that led to the collapse of the Soviet system, as a result of the machinations of Western intelligence agencies. It is said about this in the poem. But the machinations of the special services are not the main thing. The main problem is that the people themselves refused the choice made by Russia in 1917. And for what? For the sake of "the right to live like a pig ”! Why?
The problem is posed, and posed seriously. Although not resolved. B.M. Gunko, like many other modern communists, does not dare to begin a serious analysis of the existing contradictions of socialism, unfortunately. For in politics and in life, the one who knows how to analyze the experience of his defeats and to learn the proper lessons from this experience wins.
The relationship between the revolutionary avant-garde and the people who are not always inclined to accept revolutionary ideas is discussed in the following poem
* * *
In vain fire pours from the podium Cicero,
In vain go to battle and the righteous and the warrior,
Vain deeds, prayers and law -
The people have what he deserves
And do not get what he is not worthy!
THE PEOPLE HAVE WHAT HE IS VERY DONE!
But if your people are like a pig in a stable,
Sleep shamefully and his sleep is terrible
And you rebelled to ignite him
The light of truth is high and beautiful,
But the truth is not his mind ...
HAS YOUR RISK HAPPENED NICKCHEMEN AND DIRECTLY !?
Not! Do not rush to say that your people are dung,
What is useless in him trying to sow the mind.
Is it not from the dung that the roses bloom,
Not in crystal or they never survived?
This, sower! Be patient! Carry your heavy load!
RISING HOLY SEED AND RISING FAST!
Rise holy crops! And the righteous people
Worthy will be the best, bright share.
Let the devil himself attack him then,
Let him want to deprive him of will, -
The people have what he deserves
AND LIVING IN THE YARMA WILL NOT BE YOUR PEOPLE!
1993
Everything is said correctly, but I would also add that the People will understand the Sower and accept his ideas because the Sower himself is part of the People, and not a stranger from another planet. Therefore, the Sower is concerned about the same problems that by and large also concern the people. And, therefore, mutual understanding is possible, and in the long run inevitable. Although it may not come as quickly as desired.
* * *
- “Oh, this is not easy work
From the swamp to drag the hippo! "
After all, today our hippo -
This is the former Soviet people.
Alas, the passivity of today's behemoth is largely generated by yesterday's CPSU. However, this passivity is not eternal. The power of the Sower is that he relies on historical experience and a deeper analysis of reality. And they have common interests with the people.
In a more specific language, all these ideas are discussed by Boris Mikhailovich in the popular song "Gentlemen of the workers":
Gentlemen working, engineers and others!
How are your promotions, vouchers like?
Well you were such lions, when torn to profit,
What nearly ruined the poor commies!
Gentlemen, what are you concerned about?
It is evident that the money is raining madly !?
Tea, you opened the shops on those halyvochki,
What do you predict Sverdlovsk leader ?!
Gentlemen workers, you are now the owners!
Here, I suppose, ate, all the way, all the best !?
Or you were furnished, you opened your mouth a little
For good people to steal it?
Gentlemen of the workers! Commie do not listen!
At least a hundred times in the face of you - for the bourgeois stand!
Spit in the face - wipe! Spit in the soul - eat!
Nothing, swallow, you're a simple people!
Commies arrogant, those waving flags,
You talk about the motherland. And why is she?
Here to fill the womb is a good thing!
And the ideology of cattle on horseradish?
Gentlemen of the workers! You are free now
From all the rights imposed on you once.
Therefore, do not really shout "Mom dear!"
There will be life hungry with steep thieves!
And do not expect pity! You do pigeons
Wanted of pranks in the market paradise!
And now, please, at least drown in the hole
Or at least poke the head "smart" in the loop!
Well, since I do not like it, so it's time to improve
And burzhuyu brazenly broke the sides.
Again, under the Red Banner, the beautiful Motherland
It will become, as under Stalin, young-strong!
And then conquered socialism,
As your soul, take care.
You know now, where is the nightmare, and where is the life
And where enemies are luring you.
May 1995
Boris Mikhailovich felt very well the historical analogies and actively used them in his poems.
* * *
"The sovereign is weak and crafty,
Bald dancer, the enemy of labor,
Accidentally warmed with glory
Reigned over us then! ”
Praise to you, O Russian genius!
Through such a thickness of years
No one could give more true
The Secretary General of the former portrait!
………………………………………… ..
He sold everything we were proud of.
Brought to the throne of the ghoul
Tsar Boris. And earth
Fire terrible lit up ...
But again you are right: “It will rise,
Star of captivating happiness,
Russia will shake from sleep,
And on the wreckage of autocracy
They will write our names! ”
In the works of B.M. Gunko draws attention to an atypical for a communist positive attitude towards Christianity. For Boris Mikhailovich, Christianity is not so much a religion as a step of humanity on the path to its liberation. The question of the Being of God is not so important, how important is the thought that “that the only way to salvation of oneself lies through the salvation of another” . This idea, by the way, was rejected by Protestantism, which became the ideology of the rapidly developing bourgeoisie.
From the point of view of the poet, the symbol of the communist movement "hammer and sickle" is the "new cross", the legitimate successor of the symbol of Christianity - the "cross." But not just a legitimate successor, but a new step towards the liberation of humanity.
* * *
Light candles and pray!
This is better than fornicating and stealing.
Just know for sure - celestial being
Do not chase the power of thieves!
Serve the poor, serve!
God for this you sins off your sins.
Serve, but do not forget -
This world of grief can not be saved.
Well, if you really
They wanted Truth and Good -
Only one is the path to the cherished goal,
It's time to go on it.
Raise the Red Banners,
Let the enemy suffocate from malice.
Get up! Millions soon
Become us under this Red Banner!
An inspirational shot is coming soon.
Not one, but thousands of Aurora.
Become the ranks of the Communists,
Enough candles, hymns and beggars
Become a trumpet playing collection!
October 1994
However, the Communist Party leaders also talk a lot about the connection between communism and Christianity. But between their position and the position of B.M. Gunko is a fundamental difference. For the Communist Party leaders, the cross is a symbol of certain, first of all, national traditions, not all of which can be considered revolutionary. And for Gunko, the cross is a symbol of the revolutionary spirit and revolutionary hopes of our distant ancestors.
* * *
And again Christ made a mistake in people
And crucified again.
Again, the same draw will be
For those who are holy.
And again, shame declared rubbish,
And honor does not count.
And the money changers in the temples shout again:
"On the host-calculation!"
And once again Learning is outlaw,
God fucked.
And humanity is driven into the neck
Bag and rock.
And above all acquisitions
In the course of junk:
Rust of money
And the cry: "Mine!"
And once again dominates Ho-zia-in!
Not Friend, not Brother!
And unselfishness booed
Exults the enemy.
And the blood of the nations is shed again.
My country.
And again freaks rule the ball -
Feast of Satan.
And again on the poor and the rich
Section of fate.
And that means they will once again take
Ax slaves.
And that means there will be a miracle again
And Life - go ahead!
And the all-consuming Judas -
On the scaffold!
“All the saints who have shone above Russia, the flag is waving above me!” - said B.M. Gunko in his poem, written in the White House on October 1, 1993.
The idea that "Beauty will save the world" was internally close to Boris Mikhailovich
The idea that "Beauty will save the world" was internally close to Boris Mikhailovich
Was Boris Mikhailovich Gunko, one of the leaders of the left wing of the Russian communist movement, a believer? At least deep down? We will never know ...
Boris Mikhailovich was very fond of classical art and, above all, music. He had a wonderful voice and, apparently, all the data in order to become a professional opera singer. But life was different.
Boris Mikhailovich Gunko was one of the few modern Russian communists who truly understood the role of art in the revolutionary struggle. His communist views were fueled in no small measure by the extreme anti-aesthetics of capitalism. Moreover, the poet simply did not share the art and revolutionary struggle:
* * *
The violin sounded. Bah Chaconne.
How revelation is simple and proud.
Unbeatable Laws
Verb suffering chord.
And in the flood of wondrous sounds,
Clearer than from thousands of books
Burning in joy and agony
I have comprehended the highest truth.
I understood - Life is given for Thought,
Thought - to fight for the ideal.
... Violin sounded. A communist
In my youth I became.
May 1994
In his work “A bird will fly up on one wing,” Boris Mikhailovich directly promises that after the victory of the Revolution, the Soviet government will force officials to listen to symphonic music in an administrative manner (which, presumably, will help reduce corruption). This idea may not be useless, of course, in combination with other methods of control over officials.
In the same work, B.M. Gunko writes about aesthetic education, as the most important priority of the socialist education system.
The idea that "Beauty will save the world" was internally close to Boris Mikhailovich. However, he was well aware that the mechanism for the implementation of this idea is the struggle of the working people against the modern world ruling His Prepohabia Capital. And beauty inspires workers to fight. Moreover, only by starting to fight for a better future for themselves and their children, people will be able to truly understand and love this beauty.
On May 1, 2006, Boris Mikhailovich Gunko walked at the head of the column of the EIF-PKK from Mayakovsky Square to the center. He read his poems, commented on current political events. After the rally, he said goodbye to his comrades and said: “See you on May 9!” .
This meeting did not take place. May 4, Boris Mikhailovich died suddenly.
Probably not all the political views of Boris Mikhailovich Gunko can be fully agreed. But this, by and large, does not matter. Separate political differences can not and should not affect the assessment of the literary creativity of the largest Communist poet of our country.
This work will remain forever in the history of Russia and Russian literature.
S.V. Bagotsky
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